11/10/2022 0 Comments 11 am est to cstPolitically, however, time zones are further influenced by how internal and international borders are drawn. In scientific theory, Earth has 24 time zones, each a one-hour zone 15 degrees wide to indicate a one-hour difference in mean solar time. tonight. It also cites o’clock constructions as acceptable but prefers that time be written with numerals and a.m. Like CMOS, AP directs to avoid such redundancies as 10 a.m. The observatory program begins tonight at midnight. For certain references to midnight, a double date might be included for clarity: Richard was born at midnight, November 13–14.ĪP uses only figures for times and does not include them with noon and midnight. It also omits zeros for even hours and sets day divisions in lowercase letters. ( meridies, or mid-day), writing or saying 12:00 p.m. (after noon) would be unclear as well as illogical. should not be used with morning, noon, afternoon, evening, night, or midnight, nor should they be used with o’clock.Ĭorrect: 5:45 p.m., 5:45 P.M., or 5:45 in the afternoonįor midnight and noon, CMOS advises not to use numbers except informally in an expression such as twelve o’clock at night. Because noon is technically 12:00 m. These abbreviations also may be set in small caps with numerals. Our flight leaves at 8:25 tomorrow evening.įor abbreviated day divisions, CMOS recommends a.m. The class is scheduled to begin at 7:00 this morning. When referencing exact times, we would use numerals, including zeros for even hours. The men’s open-gym basketball games usually end around a quarter of nine. With the rain delay, the game probably won’t be over until at least ten o’clock. The number is always spelled out with o’clock. We’ll expand on those here by delving deeper into the most recent editions of two of our primary style references, The Chicago Manual of Style, which commonly applies to formal publications (e.g., fiction and nonfiction books, textbooks, academic reports) and The Associated Press Stylebook, which often helps in advising journalistic and daily writing (e.g., newspapers, magazines, business marketing, and correspondence).Īccording to CMOS, if we’re referring to times of day in even, half, and quarter hours, we would usually spell them out in writing. We offered some guidelines in our updated April 2017 article Writing Dates and Times. How then do we treat it in precise and careful writing? We’re all aware of how vital marked and measured time is to guiding and structuring our days.
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